ADHD Treatment For Adults - Stimulant Medication
Stimulant drugs like methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine are generally considered as the first line treatment for adults with ADHD. These drugs regulate and boost levels of brain chemicals referred to as neurotransmitters.
Antidepressants and nonstimulant medicines like atomoxetine are often prescribed when stimulants are not suitable for the patient due to other health issues or adverse effects. These medications work slower than stimulants and can reduce the impulsivity and inattention.
Stimulants
Stimulants increase brain neurotransmitters, norepinephrine and dopamine. This improves concentration and decreases impulsivity as well as hyperactivity. These are the most common treatment for ADHD in children and adults. There are a variety of stimulant drugs are available, and each medication has its own benefits and negative side consequences. The majority of people respond well to long-acting drugs, which build up in the body over time. This can reduce the "ups-and-downs" that can be caused by the fluctuating dosage of medication, which could worsen symptoms as the medication gets older. The FDA has approved a number of ADHD medication options that include methylphenidates (including Ritalin and Concerta) and amphetamines.
Non-stimulants
There are also non-stimulant drugs that can treat adults with adhd, but they can take longer to start working. These medications are referred to as alpha-2 adrenergic, or norepinephrine inhibitors. They are usually prescribed to treat high blood pressure, but they have been used for years "off-label", to treat ADHD in both adults and children. Because adhd treatment for older adults don't impact the epinephrine receptors in the same way that stimulants do, they are less likely to cause severe side effects or addiction. These medications work for up 24 hours and can be taken daily to reduce the impulsivity.
Some people with ADHD are unable to tolerate stimulants due to their side effects. In these cases doctors may prescribe antidepressants in combination with stimulants to lessen adverse effects. These include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants, such as imipramine (Tofranil) and nortriptyline (Aventyl or Pamelor). Antidepressants come with more complex side effects than stimulants, and are only used when other medications don't work.
Diet and exercise may also help in treating ADHD. A well-balanced diet is important for all adults, but it's especially essential for those with ADHD. A healthy diet helps improve concentration, reduce impulsive behavior and reduce food cravings. Before making any changes to a person's diet or removing certain foods, people with ADHD should talk to their doctor.
Counseling
Psychological counseling, or therapy can be beneficial for adults suffering from ADHD. This type of therapy can help individuals develop strategies to manage their issues and can help them improve their lives. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of therapy that has been proven to be effective for adults with ADHD. CBT is designed to change negative thinking patterns to more positive ones. Adults with ADHD may also benefit from family and marital therapy.
Self-help techniques, such as improving sleep routines and limiting the consumption of caffeine can also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. People suffering from ADHD should consult their primary care provider about a referral to an ADHD specialist. A therapist or psychiatrist with expertise in treating adults with ADHD can help people find a combination of treatment methods that works for them. They can offer support and advice on how to manage ADHD at school, work or home. They can also help parents or spouses learn how to better communicate with a child or partner who suffers from ADHD and how to cope with the challenges of living with ADHD.